<\/span><\/h2>\n\nAcquired flatfoot was once thought to be a failure of the posterior tibial tendon, although it is now known that the ligamentous structures of the ankle also play a role in the genesis of acquired flatfoot in adulthood[1][2] The malfunction of the posterior tibial tendon is a multifactorial mechanism. Many patients have an existing flatfoot, and many also have obesity. Another factor is that the tendon is relatively poorly vascularized as it makes an abrupt turn posterior to the medial malleolus, which promotes tendon rupture due to poor repair. Episodes of previous trauma, corticosteroid injections, arthritis, neuromuscular conditions, and diabetes all predispose to the development of an adult-acquired flatfoot.<\/p>\n\n
- Occurs only in adults<\/li>
- Affects women about four times more frequently than men.<\/li>
- Usually develops from overuse of the posterior tibial tendon.
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- People who run frequently and those involved in high impact sports such as basketball, tennis or football.
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- Diabetes<\/li>
- Obesity<\/li>
- High blood pressure (hypertension)<\/li>
- Previous injury or surgery to the posterior tibial tendon<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n
Pronation is a combined movement of the foot and ankle that includes eversion of the calcaneus, abduction of the forefoot and some dorsiflexion at the subtalar joint
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Hindfoot valgus is another term for eversion of the calcaneus, which leads to pronation of the foot.
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<\/span>Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction<\/span><\/h2>\n\n- When a rigid Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction flatfoot develops in adults, it is called ‘adult acquired flatfoot’ or ‘posterior tibial tendon dysfunction’.<\/li>
- This type of flatfoot develops due to the weakening of the tendon of the posterior tibial muscle, which is a major support structure for the arch of the foot.<\/li>
- It occurs when the posterior tibial tendon becomes inflamed or torn.<\/li>
- It is a condition that leads to flattening of the arch and rolling of the ankle.
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- It is a progressive deformity with early symptoms of pain and swelling in the inner arch of the foot and ankle.
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- It can eventually lead to arthritis of the foot and ankle joints.
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