Spondylolysis is defined as a defect or stress fracture of the interarticular isthmus (pars interarticularis) of the vertebral arch. The vast majority of cases occur in the lower lumbar vertebrae (L5). Spondylolisthesis is defined as slippage of a vertebra caused by spondylolysis.

Introduction: Unraveling a Silent BurdenEndometriosis is a condition as enigmatic as it is debilitating. Affecting an estimated 1 in 10 women of reproductive age, it is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity—most commonly on the ovaries, pelvic peritoneum, or bowel....

Arthritis of the shoulder is characterized by the destruction of joint cartilage with pain and loss of joint space and function.

Degenerative spondylolisthesis is a forward slippage of a lumbar vertebral body that is the result of degeneration and alteration of the facet joints in conjunction with degenerative changes to the intervertebral disc (normal drying of the disc with aging).IntroductionBy definition, the lamina and pars interarticularis remained intact. This condition most...

Do you exercise too much? Eat little? Have your periods stopped or become irregular? If so, you put yourself at high risk for several serious problems that could affect your health, your ability to stay active and your risk of injury. You may also be putting yourself at risk of developing osteoporosis, a disease in which bone density is decreased, leaving your bones vulnerable to fracture.

In North America, falls are one of the leading causes of injury and death among seniors. However, you don't have to fall prey to slips and falls. By exercising, you can improve your balance and strength, so you can stand and feel more confident walking. Exercise 1: Single Limb StandStand...

The repercussions of pandemics on the economy and public health are phenomena that transcend time. When comparing the 1918 influenza and the current COVID-19 pandemic, striking similarities emerge, influencing not only the global economy but also the way osteopathic practitioners interact with their audiences. This in-depth analysis will highlight more parallels...