Atlantoaxial instability (AIA) results in exaggerated movement at the junction between the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2) resulting from a bony or ligamentous abnormality. Neurological disorders can occur when the spinal cord or adjacent nerve roots are affected. Indeed, this joint is more vulnerable to subluxation than the other cervical segments. The transverse and alar ligaments have an essential role in maintaining the stability of the upper cervical spine. Instability of the upper cervical spine can compromise vascular and neurological structures and, in these circumstances, would be a contraindication to the use of spinal manipulation.

Introduction Mastering the ability to turn their heads freely is a significant milestone for infants, intertwining with their physical, cognitive, and sensory development. This seemingly simple action is pivotal, enabling infants to explore their environment, interact socially, and develop essential motor skills. However, many infants face challenges with head mobility...

Who is Anne Ancelin Schützenberger Anne Ancelin Schützenberger, born April 25, 1919 in Warsaw and died August 23, 2018 in Paris, was a French psychologist and psychotherapist of Polish origin, known for her innovative work in the field of psychogenealogy. She was a pioneer in the study of the links...

Introduction Lumbar spondylosis is a common spinal pathology, characterized by the progressive degeneration of the anatomical structures of the lumbar region. It mainly affects older people, but factors such as posture, intense physical activity, repetitive microtrauma, and even genetic predispositions can accelerate this process. Lumbar spondylosis manifests itself by wear...

Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The mother's thyroid hormone level affects fetal growth and proper neurological development during pregnancy and after birth.

Introduction: Benefits Associated with Sports Warm-Up Warming up before engaging in sports or any physical activity is a universally accepted practice among athletes, coaches, and fitness enthusiasts. This preparatory phase is not merely a ritual but a crucial element in enhancing performance and preventing injuries. The primary purpose of a...

Introduction Pandemics, global epidemics, and plagues have left an indelible mark on human history, documented through historical records and personal writings since ancient times. These health tragedies, occurring at a rate of about three to four per century, have repeatedly devastated populations worldwide. Survivors have immortalized these deadly diseases by...