Plantar calluses are hard, thickened skin that forms under the surface of the foot (the plantar side).
Plantar calluses are common on the plantar fascia.
This is the thick band of tissue that connects your heel bone to your toes and the ball of your foot.
They can be uncomfortable, but they are very treatable.
Corns
Corns form on the surface of the foot (the dorsal side).
Symptoms
A raised, hardened bump
An area of thick, rough skin
Scaly and dry or scaly and waxy skin
Pain or tenderness under the skin
Causes
Inappropriate footwear
Calluses on the edges of weight-bearing feet are often caused by shoes that are too loose
Abnormal foot biomechanics
Elderly patients
Hallux valgus
Diabetic neuropathy
Claw or hammer toes
Rheumatoid arthritis
High activity levels produce pressure and friction
People often develop calluses on the middle or ring finger of their dominant hand from writing with a pen or pencil
Playing stringed instruments such as the guitar or violin; calluses will develop on the four fingers of the hand used to hold the strings to the fingerboard,
Weightlifters have calluses in the upper part of the palm due to repeated friction.
Calluses are also very common on the fingers of climbers on almost all of their fingers.
